dokemuhi wuki jira hahuku nuquqaza zakoro vivahid

The optative mood in Modern Greek expresses wishes, hopes, and desires. It is formed using the particle "να" (na) followed by the subjunctive form of the verb. This construction is used in both formal and informal contexts.

Common Expressions

• "Να είσαι καλά" (Na eisai kala) - May you be well
• "Να ζήσετε" (Na zisete) - May you live long (often used for newlyweds or new parents)
• "Να τα εκατοστήσεις" (Na ta ekatostiseis) - May you live to be 100

Comparison with Ancient Greek

Unlike Ancient Greek, which had a distinct optative form, Modern Greek uses the subjunctive with "να" to express optative meanings. This simplification reflects the language's evolution over time.

Negation

To negate an optative expression, "μη(ν)" (mi(n)) is placed between "να" and the verb:

• "Να μην αργήσεις" (Na min argiseis) - May you not be late

Tense and Aspect

The optative can be used with different tenses and aspects, allowing for nuanced expressions of wishes:

• Present: "Να έρχεσαι συχνά" (Na erchesai sychna) - May you come often
• Aorist: "Να περάσεις καλά" (Na peraseis kala) - May you have a good time

Cultural Significance

Optative expressions play a significant role in Greek social interactions, reflecting the culture's emphasis on well-wishing and politeness.