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The Spanish Alphabet

The Spanish alphabet consists of 27 letters, with the addition of "ñ" to the 26 letters of the English alphabet. The letters are:

a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z

Pronunciation

1. Vowels: Spanish has five vowel sounds: a, e, i, o, u. These are pronounced similarly to their English counterparts, with a few exceptions:

   • The vowels are always pronounced with a consistent sound, unlike in English where vowels can have different sounds in different words.
   • The vowels are never reduced to a schwa sound (ə) as they often are in unstressed syllables in English.

2. Consonants: Most Spanish consonants are pronounced similarly to their English counterparts, but there are some notable differences:

   • The letters "c" and "z" are pronounced like the English "s" before the vowels "e" and "i" (e.g., "cereal" is pronounced like "ser-ee-al").
   • The letter "j" is pronounced like the English "h" (e.g., "jamon" is pronounced like "ha-mon").
   • The letter "ll" is pronounced like the English "y" in "yellow" (e.g., "llama" is pronounced like "yah-mah").
   • The letter "ñ" is a distinct letter in Spanish, representing a sound similar to the "ny" in "canyon".
   • The letter "r" is pronounced as a trill or tap, depending on its position in the word.

3. Stress and Accents: Spanish words are stressed on one of the last three syllables, following specific rules. Accents are used to mark stress on syllables that do not follow the default stress patterns.

It's important to note that Spanish pronunciation can vary across different regions and dialects, but these general rules provide a solid foundation for understanding the Spanish alphabet and pronunciation.