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Alalütlev (Adessive Case)

The adessive case is used primarily to indicate a stationary location or a state. It answers the questions kelle juures? (at whose place?), kelle peal? (on top of whom?), and mis peal? (on what?). It is also used to indicate possession. For example:

• Laua peal (on the table)
• Sõbra juures (at a friend's place)
• Koera juures (by the dog)

Alaleütlev (Allative Case)

The allative case is used to describe movement towards a location, surface, or person. It responds to questions such as kellele? (to whom?), kelle juurde? (to whose place?), and mille peale? (onto what?). This case is useful for expressing direction. Examples include:

• Koerale (to the dog)
• Lauale (onto the table)
• Maja juurde (to the house)

Alaltütlev (Ablative Case)

The ablative case describes movement away from a location, surface, or person. It answers the questions kelt? (from whom?), kelle juurest? (from whose place?), and mille pealt? (off of what?). It is used to express detachment or separation. For example:

• Laua pealt (off the table)
• Koera juurest (away from the dog)
• Maja juurest (from the house)