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Declension of Personal Pronouns in Estonian Language

Estonian, a Finno-Ugric language, features a rich system of declension for personal pronouns. These pronouns change form based on their grammatical case, which indicates their function in a sentence. Here is an overview of the declension patterns for the first, second, and third person singular and plural pronouns in Estonian.

First Person Singular (I)

• Nominative (mina): mina
• Genitive (my/mine): minu
• Partitive (me): mind
• Illative (into me): minusse
• Inessive (in me): minus
• Elative (out of me): minust
• Allative (onto me): minule
• Adessive (on me): minul
• Ablative (off me): minult
• Translative (becoming me): minuks
• Terminative (until me): minuni
• Essive (as me): minuna
• Abessive (without me): minuta
• Comitative (with me): minuga

Second Person Singular (You)

• Nominative (sina): sina
• Genitive (your/yours): sinu
• Partitive (you): sind
• Illative (into you): sinusse
• Inessive (in you): sinus
• Elative (out of you): sinust
• Allative (onto you): sinule
• Adessive (on you): sinul
• Ablative (off you): sinult
• Translative (becoming you): sinuks
• Terminative (until you): sinuni
• Essive (as you): sinuna
• Abessive (without you): sinuta
• Comitative (with you): sinuga

Third Person Singular (He/She/It)

• Nominative (tema): tema
• Genitive (his/her/its): tema
• Partitive (him/her/it): teda
• Illative (into him/her/it): temasse
• Inessive (in him/her/it): temas
• Elative (out of him/her/it): temast
• Allative (onto him/her/it): temale
• Adessive (on him/her/it): temal
• Ablative (off him/her/it): temalt
• Translative (becoming him/her/it): temaks
• Terminative (until him/her/it): temani
• Essive (as him/her/it): temana
• Abessive (without him/her/it): temata
• Comitative (with him/her/it): temaga

First Person Plural (We)

• Nominative (meie): meie
• Genitive (our/ours): meie
• Partitive (us): meid
• Illative (into us): meisse
• Inessive (in us): meis
• Elative (out of us): meist
• Allative (onto us): meile
• Adessive (on us): meil
• Ablative (off us): meilt
• Translative (becoming us): meiks
• Terminative (until us): meieni
• Essive (as us): meina
• Abessive (without us): meieta
• Comitative (with us): meiega

Second Person Plural (You)

• Nominative (teie): teie
• Genitive (your/yours): teie
• Partitive (you): teid
• Illative (into you): teisse
• Inessive (in you): teis
• Elative (out of you): teist
• Allative (onto you): teile
• Adessive (on you): teil
• Ablative (off you): teilt
• Translative (becoming you): teiks
• Terminative (until you): teieni
• Essive (as you): teina
• Abessive (without you): teieta
• Comitative (with you): teiega

Third Person Plural (They)

• Nominative (nemad): nemad
• Genitive (their/theirs): nende
• Partitive (them): neid
• Illative (into them): nendesse
• Inessive (in them): nendes
• Elative (out of them): nendest
• Allative (onto them): neile
• Adessive (on them): neil
• Ablative (off them): neilt
• Translative (becoming them): nendeks
• Terminative (until them): nendeni
• Essive (as them): nendena
• Abessive (without them): nendeta
• Comitative (with them): nendega

Understanding the declension of personal pronouns is essential for mastering Estonian grammar, as it affects how sentences are constructed and understood.