yuhi banim micubiw govixudu
Conjugation in the Present Tense
Most Estonian verbs follow a regular pattern when conjugated in the present tense. The verb stem is combined with specific endings to match the subject pronoun.
Conjugation Pattern:
- Identify the verb stem (usually by removing the -ma infinitive ending).
- Add the appropriate present tense ending based on the subject.
Present Tense Endings for Regular Verbs
| Pronoun | Ending | Example: Töötama (to work) | Example: Õppima (to study) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mina | -n | töötan | õpin |
| Sina | -d | töötad | õpid |
| Tema | -b | töötab | õpib |
| Meie | -me | töötame | õpime |
| Teie | -te | töötate | õpite |
| Nemad | -vad | töötavad | õpivad |
Negation in the Present Tense
In Estonian, negating a verb in the present tense is straightforward. The negation is formed by using the particle ei before the verb. Unlike in positive sentences, the verb in a negative sentence does not take a personal ending.
- Place ei before the verb.
- Use the verb stem without any personal endings.
Examples:
- Mina töötan (I work)
- Mina ei tööta. (I do not work.)
- Sina ei õpi. (You do not study.)
- Tema ei tule. (He/She does not come.)
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