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Locative Case in Polish
The locative case (Lokativ) in Polish, also known as the prepositional case, is primarily used to indicate location or time. It answers the questions "where?" or "when?" and is typically preceded by specific prepositions.
Usage
- Indicating location: "w domu" (at home), "na stole" (on the table)
- Expressing time: "w lipcu" (in July), "o piątej" (at five o'clock)
- After certain verbs: "myśleć o" (think about), "marzyć o" (dream about)
Formation
Locative case endings vary based on gender and number:
- Masculine nouns: -e, -u
- Feminine nouns: -e, -i/-y
- Neuter nouns: -e, -u
- Plural nouns: -ach
Common Prepositions
Prepositions that typically trigger the locative case include:
- w (in)
- na (on)
- o (about)
- przy (by, near)
Exceptions
Some nouns have irregular forms in the locative case, such as:
- rok (year) → roku
- Bóg (God) → Bogu
- ręka (hand) → ręce
Mastering the locative case is crucial for accurate expression of location and time in Polish.
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