ziyequz darav kizicix neyejin paze zide fajupuw

The subjunctive mood

The subjunctive mood in Polish, known as "tryb przypuszczający," is used to express hypothetical or conditional situations, wishes, and polite requests. It is formed by adding the particle "by" to the past tense form of the verb, followed by personal endings.

Personal Endings

• 1st person singular: -m
• 2nd person singular: -ś
• 3rd person singular: no ending
• 1st person plural: -śmy
• 2nd person plural: -ście
• 3rd person plural: -by

Examples

• "Chciałbym" (I would like)
• "Gdybyś przyszedł" (If you had come)
• "Zrobiłaby to" (She would do it)

Conditional Sentences

In Polish, the subjunctive mood is often used in both parts of conditional sentences, unlike in English where it's typically used only in the result clause:

"Gdybym miał czas, poszedłbym do kina." (If I had time, I would go to the cinema.)

Polite Requests

The subjunctive mood is frequently employed to make polite requests or suggestions:

"Czy mógłbyś mi pomóc?" (Could you help me?)

Impersonal Constructions

In impersonal constructions, the subjunctive is formed using "by" with the neuter past tense form of the verb:

"Należałoby to zrobić." (It should be done.)