puhavo dubaze wekuxaj yesusara jelodado qasul higis

Usage of the Dative Case in Polish

The dative case (Celownik) in Polish is used to indicate the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It answers the questions "to whom?" or "for whom?"

Common Uses:

• Indicating the recipient of an action:

  • Daję książkę bratu. (I give the book to my brother.)

• Expressing possession with certain verbs:

  • Podoba mi się ten obraz. (I like this painting.)

• After specific prepositions:

  • dzięki (thanks to)
  • ku (towards)
  • przeciw (against)

Noun Endings:

Masculine and neuter nouns typically add -owi or -u:

• chłopiec → chłopcu (to the boy)
• pies → psu (to the dog)

Feminine nouns usually end in -e or -i/-y:

• matka → matce (to the mother)
• córka → córce (to the daughter)

Pronouns in Dative:

Personal pronouns change form in the dative case:

• ja → mi/mnie (to me)
• ty → ci/tobie (to you)
• on/ono → mu/jemu (to him/it)
• ona → jej (to her)

Verbs Requiring Dative:

Some Polish verbs inherently require the dative case:

• pomagać (to help)
• dziękować (to thank)
• wierzyć (to believe)