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The passive voice in Portuguese follows a similar structure to English, with the verb "ser" (to be) being used in conjunction with the past participle of the main verb.

Formation

The passive voice is formed by using the verb "ser" conjugated according to the subject, followed by the past participle of the main verb. For example:

• A casa foi construída. (The house was built.)
• As maçãs foram colhidas. (The apples were picked.)

Usage

The passive voice is commonly used in Portuguese when the agent performing the action is unknown, unimportant, or intentionally omitted. It's also employed to emphasize the action itself rather than the subject performing it.

Agents

If the agent is known and needs to be mentioned, it can be introduced with the preposition "por" (by). For example:

• O livro foi escrito por um autor famoso. (The book was written by a famous author.)
• A janela foi quebrada por uma pedra. (The window was broken by a stone.)

Reflexive Passive Voice

Portuguese also has a reflexive passive voice, which is formed using the reflexive pronoun "se" along with the verb in the third person singular or plural. For example:

• Vendem-se casas aqui. (Houses are sold here.)
• Fala-se muito sobre esse assunto. (That subject is talked about a lot.)

In summary, the passive voice in Portuguese follows a similar structure to English, allowing the focus to be shifted from the subject to the action itself, and providing flexibility in terms of including or omitting the agent responsible for the action.