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The Serbian language is unique in that it uses two alphabets: the Cyrillic and the Latin. Both alphabets are officially recognized and used interchangeably in various contexts, making Serbian one of the few languages in the world with this characteristic.

Cyrillic Alphabet

The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet consists of 30 letters, each representing a single phoneme. It was standardized by Vuk Karadžić in the 19th century, who reformed the alphabet to better match the phonetic characteristics of the Serbian language. The letters are:

А, Б, В, Г, Д, Ђ, Е, Ж, З, И, Ј, К, Л, Љ, М, Н, Њ, О, П, Р, С, Т, Ћ, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Џ, Ш

Latin Alphabet

The Serbian Latin alphabet also contains 30 letters and was developed to correspond closely with the Cyrillic alphabet. This alphabet is particularly useful for digital communication and international contexts. The letters are:

A, B, C, Č, Ć, D, Dž, Đ, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, Lj, M, N, Nj, O, P, R, S, Š, T, U, V, Z, Ž

Usage

In Serbia, both alphabets are used in everyday life. The choice of alphabet can depend on various factors such as context, medium, and personal preference. For example:

• Official Documents: Government documents and official publications often use Cyrillic, as it is considered the traditional script.
• Media and Advertising: Both alphabets are prevalent in media and advertising, with a slight preference for Latin in digital and international contexts.
• Education: Students are taught both alphabets from an early age, ensuring literacy in both scripts.
• Digital Communication: The Latin alphabet is more commonly used online and in text messaging due to its compatibility with standard keyboards and international norms.