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Forming Negative Sentences in Turkish

Turkish negative sentences are formed by adding the suffix "-me" or "-ma" to the verb stem. This suffix changes based on vowel harmony:

• Use "-me" after e, i, ö, ü
• Use "-ma" after a, ı, o, u

Examples:

• Gelmek (to come) → Gelmemek (not to come)
• Yapmak (to do) → Yapmamak (not to do)

In the present tense, the negative suffix is placed before the personal ending:

• Ben gelmiyorum (I am not coming)
• Sen yapmıyorsun (You are not doing)

For past tense, the negative suffix comes before the tense marker:

• Gelmedim (I didn't come)
• Yapmadın (You didn't do)

The word "değil" is used to negate nouns and adjectives:

• Ben öğrenci değilim (I am not a student)
• Hava sıcak değil (The weather is not hot)

In questions, the negative suffix is added before the question particle "mı":

• Gelmiyor musun? (Are you not coming?)
• Yapmadın mı? (Didn't you do it?)

The word "hiç" is often used to emphasize negation:

• Hiç Türkçe bilmiyorum (I don't know any Turkish at all)