vajikini jamap rurel qobe guyecofu mixos
The Turkish past tense is formed by adding the suffix "-di" (or its variants -dı, -du, -dü, -ti, -tı, -tu, -tü) to the verb stem. The specific variant used depends on vowel harmony and consonant assimilation rules.
Usage
Completed actions: Used for actions that were completed in the past. Example: "Dün kitap okudum." (I read a book yesterday.)
Personal experiences: Describes events the speaker has personally experienced. Example: "Geçen yaz Türkiye'ye gittim." (I went to Turkey last summer.)
Historical facts: Used to state historical events or facts. Example: "Atatürk 1881'de doğdu." (Atatürk was born in 1881.)
Negation
To negate a verb in the simple past tense, add "-me" or "-ma" before the tense suffix. Example: "Gelmedim." (I didn't come.)
Question Form
To form questions, add the question particle "mi" (or mı, mu, mü) after the verb. Example: "Yemek yedin mi?" (Did you eat?)
Personal Endings
The simple past tense uses specific personal endings:
- I: -(i)m
- You (singular): -(i)n
- He/She/It: -Ø (no ending)
- We: -(i)k
- You (plural): -(i)niz
- They: -ler/-lar
Example: "Gitmek" (to go)
- Gittim (I went)
- Gittin (You went)
- Gitti (He/She/It went)
- Gittik (We went)
- Gittiniz (You all went)
- Gittiler (They went)
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